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Industrial Technology (woodworking)

Course developers

Course abstract

The sawmill industry provides raw materials for the production of building structures and furniture. Sawmilling is resulting in the obtaining of sawn timbers with certain dimensions and compliance to the standards, as well as producing as possibly smallest wood residues. Wood is glued to raise its properties and prevent the wood fault and defects. Glued laminated timber is widely used in furniture manufacturing, construction, engineering, etc. Glued wood advantages of dimensional stability and uniformity. Glued laminated timber technology is modern, wood resource-efficient, automated lines. Glued materials are plywood, particleboard, fibreboard, glued solid wood, etc.

Learning outcomes and their assessment

Knowledge – to explain classification of the sawn timbers and to understand the technologies used in sawmills - Test (1). To explain the types of the wood based panels, production technologies and raw materials - Test (2).
Skills – to measure the dimensions and to determine the volume of sawlogs and sawn timber, and to grade the sawn timber dependent on appearance and strength according to the standards - Test (1). To analyze wood based panel’s production sections, development of maps of the technological flows, calculation of volume of the raw materials and product viability  Test (2).
Competence – to analyze processes of sawmill according to predefined requirements and to perform calculations of sawlogs sawing productivity - Test (1). To analyze raw material and material resources for technology provision, product quality assessment and product development - test (2) and independent work.

Course Content(Calendar)

1. Aspects of sawlog sawing and sawing schedules. (Lecture 3h + Practical work 4h)
2. Characteristics, classification and standardization of sawlogs and sawn timber. (Lecture 3h + Laboratory work 3h)
3. Measurement, appearance grading and strength grading of sawn timber. (Lecture 3h + Practical work 4h)
4. Technologies of sawing of sawlogs and cants. (Lecture 3h + Laboratory work 3h)
5. Technologies of processing and sorting of sawn timber. (Lecture 3h + Laboratory work 3h)
TEST (1) - classification, measurement, grading of sawn timber and sawmilling technologies
6. Manufacturing of plywood and possible applications. (Lecture 3h + Laboratory work 3h)
7. Production technologies and possibilities of use of particle boards and oriented strand board. (Lecture 3h + Laboratory work 3h)
8. Production of wood fibre boards and application. (Lecture 3h + Laboratory work 3h)
9. Manufacturing technologies of the glued laminated timber and cross laminated timber and applications. (Lecture 3h + Laboratory work 3h)
10. Technologies and possibilities of use of wood composite materials. (Lecture 3h + Laboratory work 3h)

TEST (2) - Technologies and quality control of wood-based panels and other glued materials

Requirements for awarding credit points

At least 75% of lessons have to be visited.
Successfully typed 2 tests.
Laboratory and practical works have been worked and answered.
Successfully settled exam.

Description of the organization and tasks of students’ independent work

The student is preparing for tests, lectures, laboratory and practical work lessons independently.
Independent work on a sawing schedule of sawlogs, ensuring that all sawn timbers are obtained with required volume and with a certain factor of useful outcome.
Independent work on the subject of the chosen product of the student, analysing the choice of glue, development of technology and process management from the point of view of economic, ecology and product viability.

Criteria for Evaluating Learning Outcomes

Knowledge, skills and competences are assessed on a 10 point scale. The oral or written response is successful if at least 50% of tasks are completed. Written exam. If the assessment of test, practical and laboratory work is 7 points or higher, the final score is formed from the cumulative assessment of the study course 2 tests (each 35 %), laboratory and practical works (total 30 %). Requirements and procedures for delayed laboratory works: the requirements for the processing of laboratory works are the provision of proper mutual accountability, rewriting of failed tests for one morechoice.

Compulsory reading

1. Thoemen H. et alI. Wood Based Panels. ISBN 97819023168 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301355302_Wood-Based_Panels_An_Introduction_for_Specialists
2. APA Engineered Wood Handbook. Ed. T.Williamson. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002. 750 p.
3. The Sawmill Industry Handbook. Ed. R.Varis. Suomen Sahateollisuusmiesten Yhdistys ry, 2018. 277 p., ISBN 978-952-69110-0-7
4. Nordic Timber – Grading Rules. 5th edition. 2015. 77 p.
Nordic timber : grading rules for pine and spruce sawn timber (Pinus silvestris) (Picea abies) : commercial grading based on evaluation of the four sides of sawn timber / published and edited by Svenskt Trätekniskt Forum (STTF), Sweden, Suomen Sahateollisuusmiesten Yhdistys (STMY), Finland, Treindustriens Tekniske Forening (TTF), Norway. 5th edition, English. Umeå : Svenskt Trätekniskt Forum, 2015. 60 p
ISBN: 978-91-982922-0-6

Further reading

1. Boidig J., Jayne B.A. Mechanics of Wood and Wood Composites., New York, USA: Van Nostrand Reinholt Company, 1993.g.
2. Wood handbook. Forest Product Lab. Madison, USA, 2010.
3. Bryan E.L. The Best Possible Sawmill: Guidebook for the High-Tech Journey Ahead Backbeat Books, 1997 ISBN 13: 9780879304669
4. Lumber Manufacturing: The Design and Operation of Sawmills and Planer Mills. Ed. M.Williston. Miller Freeman, 1988. 486 p.

Notes

For academic bachelor study program “Sustainable forestry” students