| Course title | Physiology I |
| Course code | VeteB009 |
| Credit points (ECTS) | 6 |
| Total Hours in Course | 162 |
| Number of hours for lectures | 32 |
| Number of hours for seminars and practical classes | 48 |
| Number of hours for laboratory classes | 0 |
| Independent study hours | 82 |
| Date of course confirmation | 20/12/2023 |
| Responsible Unit | Preclinical Institute |
| Course developers | |
| Dr. med. vet., prof. Aija Ilgaža Ph.D., doc. Sintija Jonova |
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| Prior knowledge | |
| BiolB004, Animal Biology, Ecology and Ethology II VeteB003, Anatomy of the Domestic Animals II VeteB007, Cell biology, Histology I |
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| Course abstract | |
| Physiology is a fundamental science of biology that studies the principles of physiological processes of an organism - the functions of cells, individual organs and organ systems, their interrelationships and regulatory mechanisms. Knowledge of physiology is necessary to understand the complex physiological processes of the body and their regulatory mechanisms, to understand the causal relationships of those or other functional developments that occur in the body under the influence of various external and internal environmental factors. In the first part of the course, students learn the history and basic concepts of physiology (homeostasis, protective mechanisms, etc.), the physiology of excitable tissues - muscle, nervous tissue, CNS and glands, physiology of blood and circulatory system. | |
| Learning outcomes and their assessment | |
| Knowledge - about the history of physiology, the homeostasis of the body and the ways in which the body maintains it, about excitable tissues and their function, about the composition and functions of blood, about the functioning of the circulatory system, and the main regulatory mechanisms. Assessment – 4 colloquia.
Skills to understand the various physiological processes of excitable tissues, organs of the circulatory system and the body as a whole, the mutual effects and results of these processes. Assessment – performance of laboratory work, defense of protocols. Competence - to apply the acquired knowledge about the basic principles of the activity of excitable tissues, as well as determination of blood composition and physiological indicators related to blood circulation and evaluation of changes within the limits of physiological norms in animals of various species. To be able to apply the acquired knowledge in further studies of clinical subjects. Assessment – defense of laboratory work protocols, colloquiums. |
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| Course Content(Calendar) | |
| In full-time studies, a total of 32 lectures and 48 laboratory works, divided into 5 topics:
1.Introduction to physiology - history, homeostasis, protective systems of the body, basic mechanisms of function regulation - 4 hours of lectures and 6 hours of laboratory work. 1st colloquium - Introduction to physiology (1 hour lab work). Summary of the topic (1 h lab work) 2.Physiology of excitable tissues: muscle tissue, nervous tissue and CNS – 8 hours of lectures and 9 hours of laboratory work. 2nd colloquium – Physiology of excitable tissues (1 h lab work). Summary of the topic (1 h lab work). 3.Glandular tissues: physiology of endocrine and exocrine glands – 8 hours of lectures and 9 hours of laboratory work. 3rd colloquium - Physiology of the glandular tissues (1 h lab work). Summary of the topic (1 h lab work). 4.Physiology of blood and circulatory system – 10 hours of lectures and 12 hours of practical work. 4th colloquium - Physiology of blood and blood circulation (1 h lab work). Summary of the topic (2 h lab work) Physiology of the skin – 2 hours of lectures and 3 hours of laboratory work. |
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| Requirements for awarding credit points | |
| The study course Physiology I ends with the grade "passed". Acquisition requirements:
1. Attended at least 75% of all laboratory works of the semester. 2. Successfully passed four colloquia, receiving a grade according to the generally accepted 10-point system 3. Received a positive assessment in the independent tasks of the study course Physiology I. 4. Defended laboratory work protocols. If the 1st requirement is not met (more than 25% of laboratory works are missed), the study course must be repeated. If the 2nd, 3rd or 4th requirement is not fulfilled, the student can fulfill it during the next semester (i.e., until the next session), by individually agreeing on the time and method with the teaching staff. If it is not fulfilled, the entire study course Physiology I must be retaken. |
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| Description of the organization and tasks of students’ independent work | |
| During the 88 hours allocated for independent work, students: prepare for the laboratory works by using the laboratory work protocols, lecture materials, recommended literature and other available sources available to the students; independently prepare for colloquia. During the semester, the student receives several tasks to be completed independently as part of the practical work, which, in order to receive a "passed" grading, is submitted to the lecturer for evaluation and briefly presented in the practical work. | |
| Criteria for Evaluating Learning Outcomes | |
| All grading is done using either the commonly accepted 10-point grading system or pass/fail grading.
During the semester, at the end of each topic, students' knowledge is assessed based on the results of the colloquia written in the practical works. If more than 50% of the lectures of the relevant topic are missed, the student must certify that he has mastered the relevant topic to the lecturer (teaching staff of the lectures of this topic) before taking the colloquium (the type (test, independent work, report or other) is determined by the lecturer), and only then the student may take the colloquium of this topic. If student fails to pass the colloquium three times, the 4th time is with the commission. If the colloquium is not passed by the 4th time, the study course must be started again in the next study year. Students' skills are evaluated according to the established procedure for performing and evaluating the tasks assigned in the practical work. Competence of students is evaluated, individually, by evaluating the independent works provided in the study program. At the end of the study course Physiology I, students defend the protocols developed during the laboratory work, thus comprehensively demonstrating their knowledge, skills and competence. |
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| Compulsory reading | |
| 1. Valtneris A. Cilvēka fizioloģija. Rokasgrāmata. 2 izd. Rīga: Zvaigzne ABC, 2009. 252 lpp.
2. Aberberga-Augskalne L., Koroļova O. Fizioloģija ārstiem. Rīga: SIA „Medicīnas apgāds”, 2007. 516 lpp. 3. Reece W.O. Duke’s Physiology of Domestic Animals. USA: Wiley Blackwol, 2015. 760 p. 4. Garančs A. Cilvēka un dzīvnieku fizioloģija jautājumos un atbildēs. Rīga, 2006. 340 lpp. 5. Sjaastad O.V., Sand O., Hove K. Physiology of Domestic Animals 2ed., Scandinavian Veterinary Press, 2010. 804 p. 6. Sherwood L., Klandorf H., Yancey P.H. Animal Physiology From Genes to Organisms, 2nd edition, Cengage Learning, 2013. 896 p. 7. Klein B.G. Cunningham’s Textbook of veterinary physiology USA, Elsevier Inc., 2020. 645 p. |
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| Further reading | |
| 1. Melfi V., Hosey G., Pankhurst S. Zoo Animals: Behaviour, Management and Welfare. Oxford University Press. 2009. 661 p.
2. Lejniece S. Klīniskā hematoloģija. Rīga: Nacionālais apgāds, 2005. 324 lpp. 3. Danilāns A. Gastroenteroloģija. Rīga: Nacionālais apgāds, 2005. 126 lpp. 4. Betts J.G., Desaix P., Johnson E., Johnson J.E., Korol O., Kruse D., Poe B., Wise J.A., Womble M., Young K.A., Anatomy & Physiology, OpenStax, USA, 2017. 5. Khurana I., Khurana A., Kowlgi N.G. Textbook of Medical Physiology, 3rd Ed., Elsevier Health Sciences, 2019. 1084 pp. 6. Costanzo L.S. Physiology, 6th edition, Elsevier Inc., 2018. 491 p. 6. Akers R.M., Denbow M.D. Anatomy and Physiology of Domestic Animals 2nd edition, Wiley Blakcwell, 2013. 671 p. |
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| Periodicals and other sources | |
| 1. Journal of Veterinary Physiology
2. Open Access Animal Physiology 3. The Veterinary Journal 4. https://www.askjpc.org/vspo/ 5. http://www.fmv.ulisboa.pt/atlas/atlas_ing.htm 6. https://teachmephysiology.com/ 7. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-ap2/ 8.https://www.coursehero.com/study-guides/boundless-ap/ |
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| Notes | |
| Compulsory course of second cycle professional higher education study programme Veterinary Medicine. | |