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Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine II

Course developers

Prior knowledge

VeteB004, Anatomy of the Domestic Animals III

VeteB008, Cell biology, Histology II

VeteB010, Physiology II

VeteB040, Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine I

Course abstract

The study course consists of 2 parts:
1. General pathology, which provides an understanding of the basic responses to tissue damage in animals, the pathogenesis of these responses, etiology, and the gross and microscopic characteristics.of these processes. The aim of this semester is to learn the types of cell degeneration and adaptations, extra- and intracellular deposits and tumors.

2. Special pathology, which examines the pathological physiology and morphology of animal organ systems at the macroscopic and microscopic level, learning the morphology and physiology of pathologies of the cardiovascular, respiratory, alimentary, and urinary systems, their causes, development mechanisms, macro- and micromorphology, principles of formulating pathological diagnoses.

Learning outcomes and their assessment

Knowledge: in the first part of the course, the following pathological processes should be understood: cell degeneration, amyloidosis, mineralization, pigment deposits, atrophy, metaplasia, hyperplasia, hypertrophy and neoplastic cell changes - tumor nomenclature, morphology, biological behavior, molecular pathogenesis, etiology and diagnostics (2 tests) . In the second part of the course, students learn how to characterize the causes of pathologies of the cardiovascular, respiratory, alimentary canal, alimentary glands, urinary system, development mechanisms, their pathological morphological signs and know the pathophysiological processes of the organs (5 tests).
Skills: in the first part of the course, during practical sessions acquire the skills to recognize and describe gross changes of basic tissue responses and to formulate a morphological diagnosis; acquire the ability to recognize and interpret basic tissue responses in microscopic preparations. In the second part of the course, students learn to recognize and describe tissue changes in section preparations and macroscopic images, to recognize pathological processes in macroscopic and histological preparations, to formulate a morphological diagnosis according to the type of changes; describe the pathophysiological processes of organs (practical works).
Competence: in the first part of the course, within the framework of practical sessions, independently and in groups, clinical cases are analyzed using appropriate terminology, the pathogenesis of pathological changes, possible causes and prognosis are explained. In the second part of the course, according to the acquired knowledge and skills, students independently and in groups learn how to analyze specific pathological cases, using appropriate terminology, explaining the pathogenesis of changes, possible causes and prognosis (independent work).

Course Content(Calendar)

1. Cell adaptation and deposits. Atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, cell degeneration - 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work.
2. Cell adaptation and deposits. Intracellular accumulations of cells, extracellular deposits and pigments. 2 hours of lectures and 2 hours of practical work.
Tumors. Introduction, nomenclature, classification 1 hour of lectures and 1 hour of practical work.
3. Tumors. Tumor structure, behavior, growth dynamics, metastases, impact on the body -- 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work. 1.1. Test: cell adaptation, degeneration, deposits.
4. Tumors. Tumor molecular pathogenesis, etiology, diagnosis, prognosis -- 3 h of lectures and 3 h of practical work.
5. Cardiovascular system pathology. Myocardial and endocardial pathology – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work. 1.2. Test: tumors.
6. Cardiovascular system pathology. Pathology of the pericardium and blood vessels. Pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work.
7. Pathology of the respiratory system. Pathology of the upper respiratory tract and lungs – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work. 2.1. Test Pathology of the cardiovascular system.
8. Pathology of the respiratory system. Pleurisy. Pathology of the pleura – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work.
9. Pathology of the alimentary tract. Pathology of the oral cavity, esophagus and stomach - 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work. 2.2. test Pathology of the respiratory system.
10. Pathology of the alimentary tract. Intestinal pathology. Pathology of the abdominal cavity. Pathophysiology of the alimentary tract – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work.
11. Pathology of alimentary glands. Liver pathology – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work. 2.3. test Pathology of the alimentary tract.
12. Pathology of alimentary glands. Pathology of the pancreas and salivary glands. – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work.
13. Pathology of alimentary glands. Pathophysiology of the alimentary glands – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work.
14. Pathology of the urinary system. Kidney pathology – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work. 2.4. test Pathology of the alimentary glands.
15. Pathology of the urinary system. Pathology of the urinary tract – 3 hours of lectures and 3 hours of practical work.
16. Pathology of the urinary system. Pathophysiology of urinary organs – 3 h lectures and 3 h practical work. 2.5 control paper Pathology of the urinary tract system

Requirements for awarding credit points

In the first part of the study course, students must successfully pass 2 tests and an exam. The exam includes all topics of General Pathology (Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine I and the first part of this study course – 24h).
In the second part of the study course, students successfully completed five tests. Absences from lectures and practical work are not more than 30% of the total number of lessons. If the unexcused absences are more than 30% of the total number of lessons, then the course must be retaken.

Description of the organization and tasks of students’ independent work

In the first part of the study course, the independent work complements and helps to prepare for practical lessons. Independent work takes place in groups or individually and includes analysis of clinical cases, analysis of histological and macroscopic preparations, analysis of literature.
In the second part of the study course, students perform homework, such as analysis of pathological cases, scientific publications and researches, according to the tasks set in the practical work.

Criteria for Evaluating Learning Outcomes

In the first part of the study course, the tests and the exam are written and evaluated according to the 10-point system scale criteria specified in the LBTU Study Regulations. The assessment of the exam is cumulative and consists of the points obtained in 5 topics of General Pathology (maximum 150 in total), the CECA assessment (maximum 30) and the points of the written exam (maximum 150).
In the second part of the study course, students' skills are assessed according to the order of the tasks assigned in the practical work. Study tests with both oral and written questions are evaluated according to the criteria of the 10-point system scale specified in the LBTU Study Regulations.

Compulsory reading

1.Zachary J. Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease 6th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier, 2017. 1394 p.
2. Meuten D.J. Tumors in Domestic Animals 5th ed. Ames, Iowa: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2017. 989.
3.Jubb, Kennedy and Palmer's Pathology of Domestic Animals. 6th ed. Vol. 1.,2.,3. Elsevier, 2016, vol.1 798 p., vol.2 654 p., vol.3, 572 p.
4. Dunlop R.H., Malbert RC.H Veterinary Pathophysiology. Blackwell publishing, 2004. 530 p.

Further reading

1.Dijk van J. E., Gruys E., Mouwen J. M. V. M. Color Atlas of Veterinary Pathology. 2nd ed. Elsevier Saunders. 2007. 216 p.
2.Buergelt D. C., Piero Del F. Color Atlas of Equine Pathology. Wiley-Blackwell. 2014. 552 p.
3.Rooney J., Robertson J. Equine Pathology. Iowa State University Press Ames. 1996. 482 p.
4.Buergelt D. C., Clark G. E., Piero Del F. Bovine Pathology: A Text and Color Atlas. CABI. 2018. 352 p.
5.Schmidt R.E., Reavill D.R., Phalen D.N. Pathology of Pet and Aviary Birds. 2nd ed. Blackwell publishing. 2015. 312 p.
6.Terio A. K.., McAloose D., Leger St. J. Pathology of Wildlife and Zoo Animals. 1st ed., 2018 1136 p.
7.Murphy G.B., Bell M. C., Soukup W. J. Veterinary Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Wiley-Blackwell. 2019. 272 p. 9.
8.Vandevelde M., Higgins R., Oevermann A. Veterinary Neuropathology: Essentials of Theory and Practice. Wiley-Blackwell. 2012. 210 p.

Periodicals and other sources

1.Journal of Veterinary Pathology. ISSN: 0300-9858
2.Journal of Comparative Pathology. ISSN 0021-9975
3.Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. ISSN 1939-1676
4.The Veterinary Journal. ISSN 1090-0233
5.Journal of Veterinary Science. pISSN 1229-845X, eISSN 1976-555X
6. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. ISSN: 1040-6387
7.http://www.askjpc.org/vspo/
8.http://www.cldavis.org/
9. https://en.wikivet.net/WikiPath

Notes

Compulsory course of second cycle professional higher education study study programme Veterinary medicine