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Immunology

Course developer

Prior knowledge

Ķīmi3004, Biochemistry

LauZ2017, Genetics

Vete2013, Anatomy of the Domestic Animals I

Vete2014, Anatomy of the Domestic Animals II

Vete2015, Anatomy of the Domestic Animals III

Vete4034, Cytology, Histology and Embryology II

Vete4035, Cytology, Histology and Embryology I

Course abstract

Veterinary students acquire knowledge about reactivity mechanisms, which form a protection of the organism of animal against infectious disease pathogens, mainly – bacteria and viruses. Develop understanding about undesirable forms of reactivity: allergy, immunotolerance, autoimmune disease. Theoretical and practical questions about the animal immunization are covered in this course.

Learning outcomes and their assessment

Knowledge and understanding about nonspecific defence and immunity processes within an animals organism – 3 multichoice tests;
Skills to take part in a professional discussion about main topics of immunology, explain and argument professional decisions for colleges and lay persons, to perform tuberculin test in animals - practicals;
Competence to assess readiness of an individual animal or group of animals for vaccination, to interpret results from a serological testing, to explain to an animal owner the role, preconditions and possible disturbances of immunization - exam.

Course plan

1. History of the immunology. Adaptive immunity and innate (nonspecific) defence. 1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
2. Antigens. Myeloid system cells. 1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
3. Immunoglobulins and their production in the plasmocytes. 1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
4. Complement system. Immunocomplex. Complement fixation test.1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.1st test.
5. T and B lymphocytes. Antigen receptors. Cytokines. Humoral and cellular immunity. 1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
6. Macrophages. Dendritic cells. Antigen presentation. Superantigens.1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
7. Main histocompatibility complex MHC.1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
8. Tissue and organs of the immune system. Formation of immune system organs during embryonal period. Immunity of new born animal. Natural passive immunization.Colostrum.1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
9. Active immunization. Vaccination.1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
10. Parenteral and local vaccine application. Duration of immunity. Revaccination. 1 h lecture and 2 h practicals. 2nd test.
11. Immune reaction after tissue or organ transplantation. Regulation of immune answer. Tolerance. 1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
12. Allergy type I, anaphylaxis.1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
13. Allergy type II. Erythrocyte antigens and blood groups. Reaction to incompatible blood. 1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
14. Allergy type III. Immunocomplex disease. Serum sickness. 1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.
15. Allergy type IV. Tuberculinization.1 h lecture and 2 h practicals. 3rd test.
16. Autoimmunity. Immunodeficiency.1 h lecture and 2 h practicals.

Requirements for awarding credit points

Exam

Description of the organization and tasks of students’ independent work

Independent studies of literature as preparation for tests and exam.

Criteria for Evaluating Learning Outcomes

Three multichoice tests during the course. Proportion of correct answers in each test should be at least 60%. Exam at the end of course. Allowed to take exam if all three tests done successfully. Cumulative assessment of exam or average grade from three tests is offered for the student if at least 80% of all contact hours are attended and 8 points out of 10 points are obtained in every test during first attempt.

Compulsory reading

1. Day M.J., Schultz R.D. Veterinary Immunology: principles and practice. Manson Publishing Ltd, 2011. 256 p. 2. Tizard I. Veterinary Immunology: An Introduction. St. Louis, Mo.: Elsevier/Saunders, 2012. 574 p.

Further reading

1. Ройт А., Бростофф Д., Мейл Д. Иммунология. Москва: Мир, 2000. 581 с.

Periodicals and other sources

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Notes

Compulsory course of the study programme Veterinary medicine