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Hydrothermical Processing of Wood and Finishing of Wood Materials

Course developer

Prior knowledge

Fizi3007, Applied physics and chemistry I

Course abstract

Study of theoretical principles of the system wood-water and wood moisture content measurement methods. Study of wood drying methods and technology. Study of drying agent phusical parameters changes and technolical proces calculations in wood drying process. Study of wood drying quality evaluation methods.Fundamentals of heat supply systems in wood processing industry.
Study of wood materials finishing methods and technology. Theoretical aspects for formation of wood coating systems and classification of coating materials. Study of the quality control methods in wood finishing technological process and standardized test methods for quality evaluation.

Learning outcomes and their assessment

Knowledge about wood and different wood products drying theory and technology (1st Test and knowledge about wood finishing technologies, coating materials and purpose of its application (2nd Test).
• Skills to define and analyse questions regarding wood drying process, manage wood drying process in wood processing companies and evaluate drying quality and skills to define and analyse questions regarding wood coating process, manage wood finishing technological process in wood processing companies and evaluate finishing quality (Laboratory and Practical works).
• Competence to evaluate, analyse and develop wood drying technology in wood processing companies and competence to evaluate analyse and develop wood finishing technology in wood processing companies (Practical and Laboratory works).

Course Content(Calendar)

1. Wood moisture content and measurement methods. (Lecture 1h + Laboratory work 2h)
2. Wood shrinkage, swelling and deformations. (Lecture 2h + Laboratory work 2h)
3. Wood drying agent’s ant it physical properties (I-d diagram). (Lecture 2h + Laboratory work 2h)
4. Wood drying schedules. (Lecture 1h + Laboratory work 2h)
5. Determination of drying time of sawn timber. (Lecture 1h + Laboratory work 2h)
6. Wood drying methods. Natural and artificial drying methods. (Lecture 2h)
7. Technology of conventional kiln drying. (Lecture 2h + Laboratory work 2h)
8. Assessment of wood drying quality according EDG guidelines. EU standards. (Lecture 2h)
9. Simplified project methods for conventional kiln design. Drying costs. (Lecture 1h + Laboratory work 2h)
1st Test
10. Wood preservation by impregnation. (Lecture 1h)
11. Wood modification in relation with hydrothermal processing of wood. (Lecture 2h)
12. Basics of wood finishing, adhesion theory and surface energy, preparation of surfaces. (Lecture 2h)
13. Wood finishing methods, advantages and disadvantages. (Lecture 1h)
14. Wood coating materials, advantages and disadvantages. (Lecture 2h)
15. Design of wood finishing department. Finishing drying technologies. (Lecture 2h + Laboratory work 2h)
16. Automatization of wood finishing processes. Finishing effects and defects. (Lecture 2h)
17. Evaluation of finishing quality, test methods, coating properties at end use. (Lecture 2h)
18. Work safety. (Lecture 2h)
2nd Test

Students should learn following topics at their independent work:
• determination of wood moisture content and its calculations methods (1h);
• wood density and basic density calculations (1h);
• I-d and EMC diagrams and solving tasks with drying agent parameters (2h);
• preparation of drying schedules (1h);
• calculation of wood drying times according different methods (1h);
• modelling of drying processes (1h);
• heat engineering calculations (1h);
• aerodynamic calculations (1h);
• selection of wood coating materials (1h);
• elaboration of finishing technology (1h);
• preparation of coating material mixture (1h);
• experimental finishing of wood samples (2h);

• assessment of finishing quality (21h).

Requirements for awarding credit points

For a student to write the exam:
• assessments of practical and laboratory work performed over the course of the semester should be successful;
• must successfully write 2 tests;
• must write and successfully defend the report.

Description of the organization and tasks of students’ independent work

The student is preparing for tests, practical and laboratory work independently.
During the semester, following a pre-established schedule, the student write and submit a paper for evaluation, on the subject present in the study course programme, deepening his knowledge and skills.

Criteria for Evaluating Learning Outcomes

The assessment of knowledge, skills and competences takes place on a 10-grade scale.
The test or exam has been successfully passed (grade is 4) if at least 50% of the oral or written answers are correct.
Final grade is cumulative assessment of 2 tests (each 30 %), report (total 30 %) and practical and laboratory work (total 10 %) assessment.

Compulsory reading

• Trübswetter T., Holztrocknung, Verfahren zur Trocknung von Schnittholz - Planung von Trocknungsanlagen, 2009. 204 p.
• EDG-Recomendation "Assessment of drying quality of timber", 1994, 27 p., [tiešsaiste] [skatīts 23.10.2019.]. Pieejams: http://www.timberdry.net/downloads/EDG/EDG-Recommendation(eng).pdf
• Bowyer L., Shmulsky R., Haygreen J.G. Forest Products and Wood Science. An Introduction. Fourth edition. Ames; Iowa: Iowa State Press, 2003. 554 p.
• Goldschmidt A. BASF handbook on Basics of Coating Technology, Vincentz Network, Hannover, 2003. 792 p.
• Rothkamm M., Hansemann W., Bottcher P. Lackhanobuch holz, BY DRWVerlag GMBH& CO, 2003. 266 p.
• Brock T., Groteklaes M., Mische P. Lehrbuch der lacktechnologie. Curt r. Hannover: Vincentz Verlag, 2000. 428 p.
• Brock T., Groteklaes M., Mische P. European Coatings handbook, Hannover: Vincentz Verlag, 2000. 410 p.

Further reading

• Dunky M., Niemz P., Holzwerkstoffe und leime technologie und einflussfaktoren. Berlin: Springer-verlag, 2002. 493 p.
• http://www.timberdry.net (portāls par koksnes žāvēšanu)

Periodicals and other sources

• Starptautiskie žurnāli "Forest Products Journal" Online ISSN: 0015-7473

Notes

For academic bachelor study program “Sustainable forestry” students