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Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Animal Nutrition

Course developers

Prior knowledge

LauZ5143, Biological Basis of Animal Husbandry

Replaced course

LauZM015 [GLAUM015] Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Animal Nutrition

Course abstract

Characteristic of chemical physical and fermentative composition of feedstuffs. Influence of these characteristics on biochemical and physiological processes in digestive tract and metabolistic turnover in animal body. Failure of the control of metabolism results in metabolistic disorders, prevention of these alimentary deseases by adequgte feeding of animals.

Learning outcomes and their assessment

Students will gain knowledge about the biochemical and physiological processes of nutrients in the digestive tract of animals and their effect on the metabolism of substances in the body. Successfully written tests. Get the skills to eliminate animal feeding problems. Practical and laboratory works has been successfully completed and credited. Students will be competent to explain substance-related metabolic disorders. Successfully written and defended independent work.

Course Content(Calendar)

1. The role and change of water in the body. Mineral change. Nutrient effects on energy processes in the animal body. Lectures 2h, laboratory works 3h.
2. Nitric compounds, carbohydrate and lipid functions and metabolism. Lectures 2h, laboratory works 3h.
3. Supplements: vitamins, antibiotics, antioxidants, preservatives in animal nutrition. Lectures 2h, laboratory works 3h.
4. Exposure and Hazards of Harmful Organic Substances and Toxic Metals. Lectures 2h, laboratory works 3h.
5. Natural toxins in animal feed and its hazards. Lectures 2h, laboratory works 3h.
6. Presence and consequences of veterinary medicines. Lectures 2h, laboratory works 3h.
7. Biochemical composition of biofuel and food residues effects on animal nutrition. Lectures 2h, laboratory works 3h.
8. Nanomaterials in feed and evaluation of their effects animal body. Lectures 2h, laboratory works 3h.
Test 1: Biochemical transformations of nutrients in the animal body.
9. Feed chemical content and differences between fodder and animal organism. Lectures 5h.
10. Digestion and absorption of nutrients. Lectures 3h un practical works 2h.
11. Energy and its transformation into biological systems. Lectures 3h un practical works 2h.
12. Carbohydrate fermentation in the digestive tract of animals. Lectures 3h un practical works 2h.
13. Protein, its degradation in the digestive tract of animals. Protein-related metabolic disorders. Lectures 5h
14. Fats in feed, their effects on the use of nutrients and phenomena caused by metabolic disorders. Lectures 5h.
15. Minerals and vitamins as biologically active substances. Lectures 3h un practical works 2h.
16. Impact of unbalanced and inadequate feeding on animal organism. Lectures 3h un practical works 2h.
Test 2: Digestion, absorption and metabolic disorders of the animal.

Requirements for awarding credit points

Summary of scientific literature, public presentation of the summary; succesfully did practical and laboratory works; successfully passed 2 tests; and final assessment of the course.

Description of the organization and tasks of students’ independent work

Summary of scientific literature about feed nutrients transformation in the digestive tract of animals and its impact on production and reproductive performance. The animal species is chosen by the teacher in agreement with the student. Workload at least 10 p. A4 format. Individual work must be presented.

Criteria for Evaluating Learning Outcomes

A student can get a successful mark on a test if at least 50% of the questions are answered correctly.
The practical and laboratoty work performed is evaluated according to the evaluation procedure specified in the practical task.
Independent work is graded with a mark. The resulting mark is included in the final evaluation.
Without successful completion of practical and laboratory works and public presentation of independent work, not possible to to get the final evaluation.
The final assessment is a summary evaluation ,consisting of 2 test scores and a assessment of independent work.

Compulsory reading

1. Osītis U. Dzīvnieku ēdināšana. LLU. Jelgava, 2005. 320 lpp.
2. Osītis U. Barības līdzekļu novērtēšana atgremotāju ēdināšanā. Jelgava: LLKC, 1998. 102 lpp.
3. Degola. L., Trūpa A., Aplociņa E. Lopbarības ķīmiskās analīzes un sagremojamība. 2016. 52.lpp. ISBN 978-9984-48-219-4,
4. Miķelsone V. Bioķīmija: mācību līdzeklis. Jelgava: LLU, 2008. 197 lpp.
5. McKee T., McKee J.R. Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life. 5th ed. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. 752 p.

Further reading

1. Latvietis J. Lopbarība. SIA Latvijas Lauku konsultāciju un izglītības centrs. Ozolnieki, 2013. 308 lpp. ISBN 978-9984-48-096-1
2. Lopbarības analīžu rezultātu apkopojums. SIA Latvijas Lauku konsultāciju un izglītības centrs. Ozolnieki, 2013.
3. Garrett R.H., Grisham C.M. Biochemistry. Australia etc.: Thomson Books/Cole, 2005, p.1086-1169.
4.Minerālvielas liellopiem. SIA Latvijas Lauku konsultāciju un izglītības centrs. Ozolnieki, 2016.

Periodicals and other sources

1. Saimnieks LV. Rīga: TEE BIO, 2004- ISSN 1691-1598.
2. AgroTops. Rīga: Aģentūra Agro apgāds. ISSN 1407-5164.
3. Journal of Animal Science, American Society of Animal Science. Print ISSN 0021-8812, Online ISSN 1525-3163.

Notes

Obligatory course for Master study programme “Agriculture” specialization on Animal husbandry